Definition
An evaluation of available data on existing or potential risks posed by a Superfund site. Every site on the National Priorities List has a health assessment prepared by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
See also:
Environmental Assessment (EA)
A preliminary, written, environmental analysis required by NEPA (see the Federal Law section) to determine whether a federal activity such as building airports or highways would significantly affect the environment; may require preparation of more detailed Environmental Impact Statement.
Environmental Audit
An independent assessment (not conducted by EPA) of a facility's compliance policies, practices, and controls. Many pollution prevention initiatives require an audit to determine where wastes may be reduced or eliminated or energy conserved. Many supplemental environmental projects that offset a penalty use audits to identify ways to reduce the harmful effects of a violation.
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
A document prepared by or for EPA which identifies and analyzes, in detail, environmental impacts of a proposed action. As a tool for decision-making, the EIS describes positive and negative effects and lists alternatives for an undertaking, such as development of a wilderness area.
Risk Assessment
An evaluation of asbestos exposure potential based on material type, condition, location, accessibility, and likelihood of disturbance. Risk assessments assign priority ratings to ACMs, which in turn determine what action is needed: high-risk materials may require immediate removal; low-risk materials may be monitored in place.